Turbulent Instability of Two Dimensional Sonic Black Holes: Superfluid Vortices and Quasi Steady Emission of Sound

Studies of sonic analog black holes have concentrated on 1 1 dimensional scenarios but Unruh s analogy is only valid in more than one spatial dimension We simulate a sonic black hole white hole pair in a 2 1 dimensional Bose Einstein condensate and observe the formation of many superfluid vortices through dynamical instabilities seeded by simulated quantum noise The turbulent ergoregion radiates sound but it is not thermal Our results show that the Hawking effect is vulnerable to short distance physics and that observing it with quantum gases is more difficult than previously hoped